What measures has your company taken to embed sustainability practices into its core business operations, and how does the role of the general counsel contribute to driving and ensuring sustainable practices within the company?

INCAE is a higher education institution leading in business, based in Central America with a global perspective. As Legal Director, I have contributed to creating policies that comply with the legal framework in each of the countries in which we operate, ensuring compliance. At INCAE, we have several committees, including the Sustainability Committee, of which I am a member. Likewise, within our strategic objectives, the management team that I lead, together with the staff, evaluates on a monthly basis the strategic actions and goals that align with the Institute’s Strategic Plan and fall within the legal framework, both internal and international.

INCAE’s mission seeks to promote Sustainable Development, and sustainability is a guiding principle for the institution. INCAE’s current strategic plan is divided into five pillars, one of which is Impact for Sustainability, which implies that our activities must be consistent with this theme. We have integrated specialised courses in sustainability into our master’s programmes, with the aim of training business leaders who understand the importance of balancing economic, social, and environmental objectives. These courses address topics such as climate change, the circular economy, and responsible business strategies. They also promote the development of student clubs that focus, in addition to sustainability, on issues of gender equity, ethics, and transparency, equipping our students with the necessary tools to implement sustainable solutions in their organisations.

The Center for Leadership for Competitiveness and Sustainable Development (CLACDS) has projects addressing the challenges of climate change, the promotion of good corporate governance, social progress of communities—especially the most vulnerable—and the development of sustainable enterprises. We work in collaboration with key sectors to generate transformative changes in the region. In the case of the Center for Inclusive and Sustainable Leadership (CELIS), efforts are focused on promoting gender inclusion. Our Impact Centers develop projects and initiatives aligned with the most pressing global challenges. These initiatives not only positively impact local communities but also inspire our students to lead with purpose.

At our campus in Costa Rica, sustainability is practiced daily through concrete measures. During their stay, students learn to separate and recycle their waste, fostering a culture of environmental responsibility that extends beyond the classroom. This immersive experience not only educates but also reinforces students’ commitment to protecting the environment, as they witness how individual actions can have a significant collective impact. Finally, we have committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2030. As part of this effort, we have already conducted a comprehensive measurement of our emissions and are actively working to reduce our environmental impact. These actions reflect our leadership in promoting sustainable practices and our belief that higher education has an essential role in building a more equitable and sustainable future.

In your opinion, what are the main trends that are salient in your country currently?

In Costa Rica, the legal landscape is evolving in response to both domestic needs and global trends. Several key legal developments are currently shaping the country. Environmental protection, labour reform, business regulation, and judicial transparency are among the most important factors influencing Costa Rica’s legal framework.

The country is widely recognised for its environmental leadership, which is reflected in its legislation. There is a growing focus on environmental sustainability, conservation, and climate change mitigation. This includes stronger enforcement of environmental regulations, supported by a robust framework encompassing laws on biodiversity, waste management, and water conservation.

Businesses are increasingly scrutinised for their environmental impact, including demands for more stringent corporate social responsibility practices.

Costa Rica has been a pioneer in renewable energy use, with nearly 100% of the country’s electricity generated from renewable sources. This is shaping legal discussions around energy policy, investments in green technologies, and the reduction of carbon emissions.

Changes in Costa Rican labour law are particularly significant given the country’s long history of strong labour protections. Recent trends include a focus on workplace rights, including maternity leave, paid leave, and collective bargaining.

Regarding telecommuting and remote work, Costa Rica, like many other countries, has seen a rise in flexible working arrangements. New labour laws and regulations are being discussed to accommodate this shift, including rules on work-from-home arrangements, health and safety considerations, and compensation.

Social security and pension reforms are also underway. The government is working to ensure the long-term sustainability of the social security system, particularly in relation to pensions and healthcare, amid an aging population.

Costa Rica has become an attractive destination for foreign investment, particularly in the technology, medical device, and tourism sectors. Legal frameworks have been adapted to encourage such investment while safeguarding national interests. Key developments include free trade zones, which offer tax incentives to attract foreign companies and have contributed significantly to the country’s economy. Legal refinements are ongoing to ensure these zones comply with international trade agreements, labour laws, and environmental regulations. In addition, as foreign businesses establish operations in Costa Rica, there is increased emphasis on corporate governance, anti-corruption measures, and legal compliance, including more rigorous laws on anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism.

Judicial reform and transparency remain priorities, with continuous efforts to improve the efficiency, fairness, and transparency of the judicial system.