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ARTICLE · 27 OCTOBER 2025

Equity Finance 2025

AZB & Partners
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Our India practice guide provides the latest legal information on Equity Finance Techniques and Structures, The Equity Finance Market, Regulation and Related Legal Issues, Tax, Bankruptcy and Insolvency...

IndiaCorporate/Commercial Law
Shagoofa Rashid Khan
Shagoofa Rashid Khan
Aditi Jaiswal
Aditi Jaiswal
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Our India practice guide provides the latest legal information on Equity Finance Techniques and Structures, The Equity Finance Market, Regulation and Related Legal Issues, Tax, Bankruptcy and Insolvency, in the jurisdiction of India. It has been published by Chambers and Partners at Equity Finance 2025 | Global Practice Guides | Chambers and Partners

1. Equity Finance Techniques and Structures

1.1 Early-Stage Venture Capital Financing

Early-stage venture capital (VC) investments are predominantly implemented through hybrid equity instruments, such as convertible instruments. The convertible instruments could be optionally convertible preference shares (OCPS), compulsorily convertible preference shares (CCPS), optionally convertible debentures (OCDs) or compulsory convertible debentures (CCDs). OCPS, CCPS, OCDs and CCDs are, for ease, referred to as "equity-linked instruments", and are preferred over equity shares – ie, common stock for structuring differential

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