Battery energy storage systems have been a subject of discussion
for a long time, however, due to the emerging challenge of
integrating large amounts of variable renewable energy into the
electric grid, many organisations have recently demonstrated a keen
interest to be part of this fast-developing area. There is no doubt
that energy storage can play an important role in grid integration
and in balancing of variable generation sources, improve power
quality, reduce peak demand, enhance capacity of distribution /
transmission grids, avoid/reduce deviation penalties, and minimise
diesel consumption from back-up power applications.
Wind and solar power are intermittent in nature, as production
is dependent on external factors like wind and sunshine. This
intermittent nature of renewable energy may cause imbalance in the
grid, the frequency of which needs to be maintained between 49.95Hz
to 50.05Hz. To address this variability of intermittent generation,
a strong need was
