M&A Disputes In India: Legal Frameworks, Quantum Analysis And Resolution Pathways

1. Introduction

India's mergers and acquisitions (M&A) market has evolved into a high-velocity ecosystem shaped by private equity, strategic buyouts, promoter exits, cross-border transactions and platform-led consolidation across technology, manufacturing, healthcare, financial services, logistics, and consumer businesses. Since 2020, the market has witnessed pronounced cycles, reflecting pandemic-era uncertainty, supply chain disruptions, interest rate shifts, geopolitical risk, and valuation resets in global capital markets. After strong activity in 2021 and 2022, Indian dealmaking saw a slowdown in 2023 with reported M&A value of approximately US$79 billion. In 2024, the market rebounded with about a 38 per cent increase to around US$109 billion, driven by renewed investor confidence, sectoral consolidation, and improved risk appetite.