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ARTICLE · 26 MAY 2025

Top 4 Ways To Legally Challenge A Decision Made By A.I.

Over the next decade, tribunal decision-makers will lean on generative A.I. and large language models ("LLMs") to ease their administrative burdens.

CanadaGovernment, Public Sector

Over the next decade, tribunal decision-makers will lean on generative A.I. and large language models ("LLMs") to ease their administrative burdens.

LLMs such as ChatGPT or BERT have the potential to alleviate overwhelming case loads and focus adjudicators on the substantive merits of the decision before them.

But reliance on A.I. poses significant challenges – just who is making the decision where LLMs or A.I. are involved? Do persons affected by decisions made by A.I. have an expectation that there is a "human in the loop"? And how do adjudicators and those affected by them deal with the inherent risks of LLMs, including so-called "hallucinations"1 and bias?

The current model of administrative law is ill-equipped to deal with these concerns.2

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