Competition & Trade Quarterly – Fourth Edition, 2025

Turkey's Competition Authority has launched a sector inquiry into artificial intelligence. The absence of local representatives for providers such as OpenAI and Anthropic in Türkiye is being assessed in light of the findings of the Grand National Assembly's AI Commission report

The Turkish Competition Authority has conditionally approved Uber Technologies' acquisition of Getir's food and grocery delivery operations, marking a significant consolidation in Turkey's digital marketplace. As part of the approval, Uber committed to investing USD 500 million in Turkey to support employment and strengthen the country's digital technology ecosystem.

This article examines the legal structure and termination of exclusive distribution relationships affecting the Turkish market. It considers contractual classification, territorial protection, resale pricing, non-compete obligations, competition compliance, goodwill indemnity, customer information, intellectual property and dispute resolution.

The Turkish Competition Board (the “Board”) has imposed interim measures on Meta Platforms, Inc., Meta Platforms Ireland Limited, WhatsApp LLC and Meta Platforms İstanbul Bilişim Hizmetleri Limited Şirketi (collectively, “Meta”) in connection with amendment to the WhatsApp Business Solution Terms that barred third-party general-purpose generative AI chatbots and assistants from using WhatsApp where AI was the primary service offered to users.

This article examines the Turkish Competition Board’s (“Board”) Yemek Sepeti Decision[1] (“Decision”), assessing a request for the removal of commitments made binding in 2021, under the “material change” condition of Article 43(4)(a) of Law No. 4054 on the Protection of Competition (“Law No. 4054”).

Welcome to the 2026 Winter edition of the Paksoy Turkish Competition Law Newsletter series. The Turkish competition landscape keeps evolving, with significant enforcement actions...

The Turkish Competition Board has partially lifted commitments previously imposed on Yemeksepeti, finding that the online food delivery market has evolved from a near-monopoly to a competitive multi-player environment. This decision examines how binding commitments may be reassessed when market conditions materially change, and explores the treatment of most-favoured-nation clauses under both antitrust and abuse of dominance provisions.

Following a sector inquiry launched in December 2021 to detect structural competition concerns in the pharmaceutical sector and offer competitive solutions, the Turkish Competition Authority (“TCA”) published its Pharmaceutical Sector Inquiry Preliminary Report on 10 August 2026, opening it for public consultation. The report examines the overall outlook of the sector together with quantitative and statistical data, summarises the TCA's enforcement activities in the sector over the past ten years, and assesses the competitive structure across the full supply chain: production, market entry, and distribution.

The European Commission has issued a commitment decision addressing SAP's practices in the aftermarket for maintenance and support services for its on-premises ERP software. Following preliminary findings that SAP may have abused its dominant position through restrictive contract terms and fees, the company has agreed to implement global changes allowing customers greater flexibility in choosing maintenance providers and modifying contract terms. These legally binding commitments will remain in effect for 1

The investigation originated from a series of consumer complaints submitted from late 2023 onwards, which pointed to identical or closely aligned prices for products such as eggs, yoghurt, rice, butter and wafers across several national grocery retailers. The complaints also alleged that price increases were frequently implemented on the same or nearby dates.

Mersis is an electronic trade registry, which is highly popular and a significant e-portal for attorneys and companies.

We are living in an era in which digitalization is accelerating and Artificial Intelligence ("AI") technologies are reshaping both societal and professional practices.

The Law No. 7464 on the Rental of Residential Properties for Tourism Purposes and Amendments to Certain Laws1 provided the short-term rental of residential properties for tourism purposes in Türkiye with a legal framework.

For the most part, the Turkish Labor Law governs legal aspects of the employer-employee relationship in Turkey. This code defines employers as real persons, legal entities, or institutions or establishments with no legal personality which employ people.

We are pleased to share our latest article, “German Special Fund for Infrastructure and Climate Neutrality: Opportunities for Turkish Companies”, jointly prepared by the Hergüner and Taylor Wessing teams.

With the number of increasing tourists expected to visit Turkey in the near future, the increasing number of airlines offering domestic scheduled flights, and the effects of a growing Turkish economy resulting in an increasing demand for air cargo transportation, the need for aircrafts in Turkey is on the rise. Currently, there are 17 licensed airlines with a total number of 212 aircraft (17 of which are for cargo transportation) and 49 licensed air taxi operators registered in Turkey. For airli

The Turkish Competition Board amended Communiqué No: 2010/4 Concerning Mergers and Acquisitions Calling for the Authorization of the Competition Board as of February 1st 2013.

This issue of the Competition & Trade Quarterly brings together the two parts of the bulletin. The competition section reviews eleven Turkish Competition Board decisions and announcements published during the second quarter of 2026 — merger control and joint-control assessments, conditional clearances secured through commitments, interim measures in the food sector, information exchange in labour markets, digital-platform commitments, and the criminal dimension of an ongoing cartel file.

The Regulation Amending the Zoning Regulation for Planned Areas (“Regulation”), published in the Official Gazette dated 1 July 2026 and numbered 33297, introduces several amendments to the Zoning Regulation for Planned Areas. The amendments include significant changes concerning construction license procedures, construction co-efficiency calculations, elevator requirements, modification works in existing buildings and the conversion of certain office buildings into residential use.

The Regulation on Environmental Permit and License is published on the Official Gazette dated 10 September 2014 and numbered 29115.