The second quarter of 2025 witnessed notable judicial
developments in trade mark law, particularly in relation to
consumer confusion, brand recognition, and legal concerns arising
from AI-generated content.
The Delhi High Court passed several notable orders reinforcing
trade mark rights and consumer protection. In the matter involving
Indian Hotels Company Limited's 'GINGER' brand, the
court awarded INR 20 lakh in damages for infringement and
unauthorised use of brand elements on a misleading website.
Simultaneously, the court recognised the concept of 'initial
consumer confusion' to establish trade mark infringement in the
matter concerning Under Armour Inc. Further, the court also
acknowledged the longstanding use and reputation of the marks,
'RITZ' and 'RITZ CARLTON' in India, thereby
formally recognising them as well-known marks.
