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ARTICLE · 07 OCTOBER 2026

What May Constitute White Collar Crimes? Types, Examples And Legal Consequences

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White collar crimes in India encompass financially motivated offences including fraud, money laundering, insider trading, and corporate misconduct. These non-violent crimes are governed by multiple statutes including the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023, Companies Act 2013, and Prevention of Money Laundering Act 2002, with consequences ranging from regulatory penalties to criminal prosecution.

IndiaCriminal Law
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Introduction

White collar crimes generally refer to financially motivated or business-related unlawful activities carried out through deception, abuse of trust, manipulation of records, misuse of position, or other fraudulent conduct. Unlike conventional crimes that may involve direct physical harm or force, white collar crimes often involve financial transactions, businesses, professional relationships, corporate structures, or digital systems.

In India, white collar crime is not a single, separately defined offence under one statute. Instead, different forms of such conduct may attract provisions under laws including the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (BNS), Companies Act, 2013, Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA), Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, securities laws and regulations administered by SEBI, tax laws, and other sector-specific legislation.

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