Navigating Legal Privilege When Using Generative AI

The European Commission has published comprehensive guidelines on AI transparency obligations under Article 50 of the EU AI Act, with enforcement beginning August 2, 2026. These guidelines establish how organizations must disclose AI systems, mark synthetic content, label deepfakes, and demonstrate compliance, with significant penalties for non-compliance reaching up to €15 million or 3% of global turnover.

The text remains subject to formal endorsement by both institutions and to legal-linguistic revision before adoption, with publication in the Official Journal expected ahead of the original...

The European Commission has published an Action Plan addressing the dual-edged nature of frontier artificial intelligence models in cybersecurity, outlining how the EU will harness AI's defensive capabilities while protecting against AI-powered cyber threats. Through nine key actions spanning 2026-2027, the plan establishes frameworks for safe AI evaluation, structured access to advanced AI capabilities, and the scaling of European sovereign AI cybersecurity solutions across critical infrastructure sectors.

Ireland has established the AI Office as its central coordinating authority under the EU AI Act, introducing a comprehensive regulatory framework that includes sector-based supervision, enforcement powers, and administrative fines reaching up to €35 million. The new legislation empowers market surveillance authorities like the Central Bank and Data Protection Commission to oversee AI compliance while creating a regulatory sandbox to foster innovation within legal boundaries.

The Cyber Resilience Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/2847)1 (“CRA”) establishes horizontal cybersecurity requirements for products with digital elements (“PDEs”) placed on the European Union (“EU”) market. Reporting obligations took effect on 11 September 2026, with full application of the CRA from 11 December 2027.

The European Union has reached a political agreement to amend the AI Act, introducing targeted changes aimed at simplifying compliance requirements for businesses while maintaining protective standards.

The Court of Justice of the European Union has delivered landmark judgments that fundamentally reshape how online platforms can claim immunity from liability for user-generated content. These decisions establish that algorithmic content distribution and commercial partnerships with creators may strip platforms of their safe harbour protections, forcing a reassessment of how social media companies, video-sharing services, and digital marketplaces structure their operations and revenue models.

The Irish Government has published the Regulation of Artificial Intelligence Bill 2026, establishing Ireland's framework for implementing the EU AI Act. This landmark legislation creates the AI Office of Ireland as an independent statutory entity and designates existing sectoral authorities to oversee AI regulation within their domains. The Bill introduces a comprehensive administrative sanctions regime and enforcement toolkit while reflecting Ireland's National Digital and AI Strategy.

On 19 November 2025, the European Commission published its proposed Digital Omnibus Package, a reform aimed at overhauling significant parts of the European Union's digital regulatory framework.

The EU Cyber Resilience Act introduces mandatory reporting obligations for manufacturers of digital products, requiring them to notify authorities within 24 hours of discovering actively exploited vulnerabilities or severe security incidents. This regulation establishes strict timelines for early warnings, detailed vulnerability notifications, and final reports, fundamentally changing how manufacturers must respond to cybersecurity threats.

Ireland is home to a wide variety of financial services providers. To support both providers and their customers, there is an array of financial services legislation...

The European Data Protection Board's 2025 Annual Report reveals significant developments in EU data protection enforcement and regulatory cooperation. With approximately €1.15 billion...

On 26 February 2026, the Central Bank of Ireland (the "CBI") unveiled its Regulatory and Supervisory Outlook Report for 2026 (the "Report"), focusing on ensuring the resilience...

Climate related litigation continues to evolve, with several recent landmark decisions shaping the global legal landscape. In this update, we consider the broad trends in recent climate litigation...

The European Union (Empowering Consumers for the Green Transition) Regulations 2026 (SI No. 124 of 2026) (the "Regulations")...

As part of the EU's Data Strategy, the European Health Data Space Regulation is intended to bring about greater reuse of electronic health data for research, innovation and policy-making purposes.

Please briefly describe the main laws that govern real estate in your jurisdiction. Laws relating to leases of business premises should be listed in response to question...

The Harassment, Harmful Communications and Related Offences Act 2020 ("the Act") was recently subject to its first official review by the Department of Justice.

As Russia's war against Ukraine enters its fourth year, the Council of the European Union (the "Council") unanimously adopted its 16th sanctions package on 24 February 2025.

This article examines the Supreme Court's evolving role following Ireland's 2014 constitutional amendment, analyzing how the establishment of the Court of Appeal transformed the Supreme Court into a specialized tribunal for cases of exceptional public importance. Through a comprehensive review of 153 determinations made in 2025, the analysis explores the criteria for securing leave to appeal and identifies emerging trends in the application of the "Karshan factor" for leapfrog appeals.