Change in Law in Power Purchase Agreements: Coal Block Cancellation and the Allocation of Contractual Risk
Introduction The long-term stability of India’s power sector depends not only on generation capacity and infrastructure growth, but also on the legal and regulatory certainty governing fuel supply arrangements. Power Purchase Agreements (“PPAs”), particularly those executed through competitive bidding under the Electricity Act, 2003, are structured on commercial assumptions relating to the long-term availability, pricing, …
Investing in Indian Infrastructure: What Foreign Investors Need to Evaluate Beyond Financing
India’s infrastructure sector continues to attract unprecedented international attention. From renewable energy parks and airports to data centres, logistics corridors, urban mobility systems and green hydrogen projects, global institutional investors are increasingly viewing Indian infrastructure as a long-term strategic asset class rather than merely an emerging market opportunity.
Section 28A of the Land Acquisition Act: Bombay High Court Clarifies That Compensation Is Not Capped by the Foundational Award
Introduction The principle underlying compulsory land acquisition is that when private property is acquired by the State for a public purpose, affected landowners must receive fair and reasonable compensation. However, under the framework of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, a significant disparity historically emerged between landowners who sought judicial enhancement of compensation under Section 18 …
Section 133 of the Indian Contract Act: Variance of Contract and Limitation of Surety Liability upon Unilateral Enhancement of Credit Facilities
Introduction Contracts of guarantee play a critical role in modern banking and commercial lending transactions. Financial institutions routinely rely on personal guarantees and corporate guarantees to secure repayment obligations where borrowers lack sufficient collateral security. At the same time, the Indian Contract Act, 1872 incorporates important statutory protections to ensure that a surety’s liability is …
Challenging ‘Purported Awards’ under Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: Doctrinal Foundations and Emerging Jurisprudence
By Deepika Kumari, Partner – King Stubb and Kasiva Introduction One of the recurring jurisdictional questions in Indian arbitration law concerns the status of a “purported arbitral award” namely, an award rendered in the absence of a valid arbitration agreement or by a tribunal lacking inherent jurisdiction. The issue raises a fundamental doctrinal question: can …
Reconsidering Compromise and FIR Registration: A Doctrinal Analysis of Mandatory FIR Registration under the CrPC and BNSS
By K. Vidya, Partner – King Stubb and Kasiva Introduction The relationship between compromise settlements and the mandatory registration of FIRs continues to generate significant debate within Indian criminal jurisprudence. A recurring question before courts is whether an attempted settlement between parties can dilute or postpone the statutory obligation of the police to register an …
Insurtech in India: An Overview
Date: 1 June 2026 Introduction India’s insurance sector has grown rapidly over the past two decades, with various reports indicating a compounded annual growth rate of approximately 17% during this period[[1]]. In the last financial year alone, the industry recorded total premium income of approximately USD 82.49 billion[[2]] and it is expected to continue growing …
Central Rules under the Labour Codes: Operationalizing India’s Labour Law Reform
Pursuant to notifying and bringing the consolidated Labour Codes (“Codes”) into implementation on 21 November 2025, the Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India, has now taken the next decisive step. On 8 May 2026, the Ministry formally notified the Central Rules under each of the four Codes i.e., the Code on Wages, 2019; …
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How Early Business Structuring Impacts Long Term Startup Survival in India
Purvi Asher – Partner -MHCO India’s startup ecosystem has matured rapidly over the last decade. Founders are building businesses across artificial intelligence, ecommerce, fintech, health technology, logistics, renewable energy, and digital services with ambitions extending beyond domestic markets. Yet while startup formation continues to increase, long term survival remains uncertain. Many ventures fail within early …
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Key Trends Shaping Business Expansion in India’s Startup Ecosystem
Purvi Asher, Partner – MHCO India’s startup ecosystem has entered a phase of maturity where growth is no longer limited to early-stage innovation. Expansion, scalability, and global integration now define the trajectory of modern startups. Entrepreneurs are not only building businesses for local markets but are also positioning their ventures for international reach. Several economic, …
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