Amid mounting geopolitical turmoil straining fossil fuel supply chains, low carbon energy generation investment is high on the priority lists of policymakers in the UK and EU [1, 2]. Last year, the UK unveiled its Clean Power 2030 Action Plan, announcing an ambitious investment programme of an estimated £40 billion per year in clean power generation and transmission network assets until 2030 [3].
So far, public policy tools and state-backed investments have successfully accelerated low carbon innovation and adoption. Yet, the technologies powering the green transition have not always evolved in a linear fashion; while some are enjoying their moment in the sun, others, further along the technology development and adoption pathway, are in a steady period of refinement and optimisation.