Civil Litigation In Türkiye 2026

Abstract

This article examines the procedural framework for civil litigation in Türkiye from the perspective of foreign companies and claimants. It considers subject-matter and territorial jurisdiction, international jurisdiction, mandatory mediation, service, pleadings, evidence, expert reports, security, interim relief and appeals. The discussion also addresses powers of attorney and the relationship between a favourable judgment and eventual recovery. Judicial authorities are considered with attention to their procedural and statutory context. The analysis argues that effective litigation requires early coordination of forum, admissibility, deadlines, proof and enforcement, rather than an exclusive focus on filing the substantive claim.