Limited Şirket Nedir?

In today's globalized trade environment, many companies engage in commercial relations with other firms and conduct international trade.

Turkish competition enforcement has entered a phase in which the Authority's most consequential interventions increasingly arrive before, rather than after, a finding of infringement. This Summer 2026 edition covers eight developments spanning digital markets policy, merger remedies, physical access to retail infrastructure, labour market information exchange, AI distribution channels, procedural cooperation obligations and the transition between fining regimes.

Oracle Corporation, the American technology giant, agreed to pay the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") $22.9 million as the result of the investigation to resolve charges...

One of the economic purposes of joint stock companies is to generate profits through their business activities and to distribute such profits among their shareholders in accordance with the rules stipulated by law and the articles of association.

This article examines the establishment and continuing management of a foreign business presence in Türkiye. It compares subsidiaries, branches and liaison offices, and considers capital, corporate documentation, governance, representative authority, investment reporting, work authorisation and data protection. Judicial decisions concerning corporate organisation and management duties are considered in their relevant context. The analysis argues that the choice of vehicle should follow the proposed activity, ownership arrangements and expected life of the investment. Effective legal preparation connects incorporation with the company's subsequent compliance, financing, decision-making and exit arrangements rather than treating registration as the final objective.

Turkey's e-commerce sector achieved a historic milestone in 2025, with transaction volume reaching 4.57 trillion TL—a 52.2% year-over-year increase. The Ministry of Trade's comprehensive report reveals how artificial intelligence integration, quick commerce models, and sustainability initiatives are reshaping consumer behavior and business operations.

The Capital Markets Board of Türkiye (“CMB” or the “Board”), through its principle decision No. i-SPK.15.2 (dated 03.09.2026 and numbered 54/1614) (“Resolution”), has lowered to 3% the minimum shareholding disclosure threshold under the Material Events Disclosure Commu-niqué No. II-15.1 (“Communiqué”). The Reso-lution will apply as from the end of the day on 11.09.2026.

According to the first paragraph of Article 5 of the Communiqué on Share Buybacks No. II-22.1 (the "Communiqué"), a share buyback program can only be approved by a general assembly resolution.

In any high-stakes investment, Merger & Acquisition (M&A), or private equity deal in Turkey and real estate engagements, the financial statements of the target company are the primary focus. While accountants and financial analysts review these numbers for performance and profitability, an experienced corporate lawyer reads them differently.

Within the scope of the European Green Deal, which constitutes one of the key elements of the European Union’s (“EU”) policies to combat climate change, the EU aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve a climate-neutral economy by 2050.

In today's globalized trade environment, many companies engage in commercial relations with other firms and conduct international trade.

The amendments introduced by Law No. 7578 have significantly changed maternity-related leave rights under the Turkish Labor Code by extending postnatal maternity leave from 8 weeks to 16 weeks and increasing the total maternity leave period to 24 weeks.

Turkey's Private Pension System (BES) offers foreign investors a unique pathway to citizenship through a USD 500,000 contribution held for three years. Unlike real estate or bank deposits, this route provides investment flexibility across multiple fund types including equities, precious metals, and money market instruments. How does this managed portfolio approach compare to other citizenship investment options, and what are the key requirements and risks investors should understand?

The Turkish citizenship by investment program has become a leading choice for investors and families seeking stability, mobility, and a second passport in a culturally familiar environment.

Foreign investors seeking Turkish citizenship through real estate must navigate both property law and immigration requirements. Understanding the USD 400,000 minimum investment threshold, eligible property types, payment documentation requirements, and the three-year holding restriction is essential before committing capital to a qualifying transaction.

Foreign investors can qualify for Turkish citizenship by depositing at least USD 500,000 in the Turkish banking system for three years. This route offers a straightforward alternative to real estate investment, allowing qualifying capital to generate interest during the holding period while navigating Turkey's high-interest-rate environment and currency considerations.

Foreign nationals can acquire property in Turkey, but the transaction requires careful legal assessment beyond commercial considerations. Title restrictions, construction irregularities, ownership disputes and payment documentation issues can materially affect the investment, particularly when the acquisition is connected with citizenship eligibility or completed through representatives.

The Law No. 7550 on the Enforcement of Criminal and Security Measures and on Amendments to Certain Laws—commonly referred to by the public as the "10th Judicial Reform Package"—was published in the Official Gazette dated June 4, 2025, No. 32920 (1st Repeated Issue)

Employment disputes in Turkey are not merely matters of wage payment; they form part of a multi-layered system of legal protections extending from the Constitution and international conventions to employment legislation and Court of Cassation case law.

In this article, the characteristics of joint stock companies and how to transfer shares in Turkey are discussed.