1. What does Hub & Spoke mean?
It is a concept that took place in the business world before it
took place in the Competition Law literature. Delta Airline has
determined a focal point (hub) in order to prevent damage to the
aircraft flying with the number of passengers far below the
company's capacity and accordingly to this, Delta Airlines has
developed the method of collecting passengers at this focal point.
This method was later used in cargo operations which had a serious
impact on costs.
2. What is Hub & Spoke under Competition Law?
There is no direct definition in Turkish legislation. However,
Hub&Spoke can be briefly defined as the exchange of information
between two rival undertakings operating at the same level in the
market, through another undertaking at a different level in the
market and with which they have vertical relations. In other words,
it can be described as a different type of "information
exchange" that violates competition law. In this
