Enforcement Of Foreign Judgments 2018

The primary methods of presenting factual evidence in international arbitration are contemporaneous documents, testimony of fact witnesses and testimony...

In February 2024, the International Bar Association (the "IBA") released the most recent version of the IBA Guidelines on Conflicts of Interest in International Arbitration (the "2024 IBA Guidelines").

In a long-awaited decision, the Cantonal Court of Zug ("Court") on 17 December 2025 declared the climate lawsuit brought by four Indonesian islanders ("Plaintiffs")...

On December 17, 2025, the Cantonal Court of Zug decided to hear a landmark climate lawsuit against Swiss cement producer Holcim.

In a recent decision (4A_526/2024, dated 28 April 2025), the Swiss Supreme Court (the "SSC" or "Court") addressed the aspect of the burden of proof in the case of a liquidated damages clause.

Switzerland is party to a number of bilateral and multilateral treaties governing the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments.

Artificial intelligence is increasingly being used in international arbitration for legal research, document review, and drafting. However, its use becomes difficult to assess when an arbitrator turns to AI not merely to process information, but to obtain a view on a legal issue that the tribunal must decide. This article examines emerging guidance on whether arbitrators can ask AI for its opinion on legal questions and explores the boundaries between AI as a research tool and AI as a decision-maker.

Z Ltd ("IT-Provider") entered into three contracts with A Ltd ("Customer") on 12 December 2016: a software license agreement, an IT services agreement, and a maintenance agreement.

Since their adoption by the Swiss Arbitration Centre in 2004, the Swiss Rules of International Arbitration (periodically updated to reflect evolving best practices) have played a pivotal role in establishing Switzerland...

Das Haager Übereinkommen über Gerichtsstandsvereinbarungen (HGvÜ) tritt in der Schweiz am 1. Januar 2025 in Kraft. Es regelt die Wirksamkeit von Gerichtsstandsvereinbarungen...

The FCPA enforcement pause ordered in February 2025 by President Trump is over. The new FCPA enforcement guidelines signal a more targeted enforcement approach by the DOJ, which may potentially be more vigorous than before...

Switzerland continues to be one of the leading jurisdictions for fintech innovation, offering a stable legal framework, a sophisticated financial market and a technology-neutral regulatory approach.

All of the standard transaction strategies to acquire portfolio companies are commonly used in Switzerland. We assume that regular leveraged buyouts have accounted for the majority of the transactions in recent years. In 2025, the total deal volume in the private equity sector remained stable...

The regulatory environment in Switzerland to date continues to be investor-friendly for the following three main reasons: (i) limited investment restrictions (a notable exception being the Federal Law on Acquisition of Real Estate (the so-called Lex Koller)...

Generally, interest paid on loans are not subject to Swiss Withholding Tax ('WHT'). Interest on bonds and bank interest, however, are subject to 35% Swiss WHT

The Swiss FSC has annulled two judgments of the Swiss FAC in the mountings for windows and window doors case.

On March 10 2017, the Federal Council of Switzerland opened a hearing procedure for the amendment of the Lex Koller, the law restricting the acquisition of real estate by persons abroad.

Medbase AG, part of the Migros Group and a leading Swiss healthcare provider with a nationwide network of medical centres and pharmacies, has acquired a majority stake in the Ardentis Group, one of the leading providers of dental services in French-speaking Switzerland. The transaction strengthens Medbase’s position in the Swiss healthcare market and combines its nationwide healthcare platform with Ardentis’s established presence in the dental sector.

The Swiss Federal Supreme Court has validated minimum wage regulations in Zurich and Winterthur, overturning lower court decisions and affirming that municipalities possess constitutional autonomy to establish local wage floors. With minimum wages of CHF 23.90 and CHF 23.00 per hour respectively now set to take effect, the ruling settles a key question about the division of legislative powers between cantonal and municipal authorities in Switzerland's federal system.

Bär & Karrer, a Swiss law firm, provides comprehensive legal and business solutions. Contact their Zurich office for expert assistance with legal advice, business inquiries, and professional services tailored to your needs.