Italian DPA To Enforce GDPR Sanctions Without Delay

The Milan Local Division of the Unified Patent Court addresses an application for security for costs under Rule 158.1 of the Rules of Procedure in patent infringement proceedings between Biopsafe ApS and Kaltek S.r.l. The case involves three European patents and raises important questions about cost security requirements in UPC litigation.

The long-awaited decision of the Joint Civil Sections of the Italian Supreme Court of Cassation (Sezioni Unite) has finally arrived. With Judgment No. 24045 of 26 July 2026, the Court addressed one of the most controversial questions surrounding Italian citizenship by descent, often referred to as the “minor issue” (questione dei minori).

The Milan Local Division of the UPC Court of First Instance issued a comprehensive decision by default addressing critical questions of service procedure, damages standards, and enforcement mechanisms in cross-border patent infringement cases.

Italian Administrative Law provides multiple pathways for individuals and businesses to challenge unlawful decisions by public authorities. Understanding the distinction between administrative remedies and judicial appeals...

Has a family member died at work or while commuting to or from work? Discover who may be held responsible, what benefits INAIL provides, what additional compensation the family may be entitled to in 2026, and why it is crucial to act immediately with the assistance of a lawyer.

Every year, thousands of foreign tourists, workers, and international residents are involved in road accidents in Italy. When a fatal road accident occurs, families are left dealing with grief, insurance companies, Italian authorities, and complex legal procedures. If you have lost a relative in a car crash in Italy, or if you are involved in a fatal road accident case as a foreign citizen, Italian law entitles you to significant financial compensation.

In a recent case decided by the Italian Supreme Court of Cassation, Joint Sections (Order No. 12330 of 2 May 2026), a dispute arose from an application for a payment...

The recovery of maintenance obligations in Italy in cross-border family disputes depends on the recognition and enforcement regime applicable to the foreign decision.

On 10 October 2025, the Italian Framework Law on Artificial Intelligence (Law No. 132/2025) entered into force, marking the transition from a "tolerated" and "spontaneous" technological use to an authorised and regulated...

Wrongful death in Italy: how the law protects surviving family members. Who can claim compensation, which laws apply, and how to seek justice even from abroad.

The Senate's failure to achieve the 60-vote threshold on the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act leaves the timeline for comprehensive federal cryptocurrency regulation uncertain. Two key obstacles emerged: concerns over ethics provisions designed to prevent senior officials from profiting from digital ventures, and unresolved disputes over activity-based rewards and yield payments on stablecoins that banking groups warn could drain deposits from community banks.

How can multinational corporations effectively navigate the complex landscape of tax disputes across multiple European jurisdictions? This analysis examines strategic approaches and procedural considerations...

The SEC has proposed a comprehensive modernization of federal transfer agent rules that would expressly permit the use of blockchain technology as a master securityholder file. The proposal introduces technology-neutral language alongside new reporting requirements for distributed ledger technology usage and tokenized securities activity.

As federal climate disclosure rules face rescission and state-level mandates remain largely stalled, California's SB 253 greenhouse gas reporting requirement stands as the sole advancing framework, creating a fragmented compliance landscape where multistate companies must navigate divergent regulatory trajectories. With the SEC's 2024 climate rules stayed and proposed for elimination, and California's Air Resources Board finalizing implementation mechanics for November 2026 reporting deadlines, the operatio

The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals vacated a preliminary injunction against Perplexity AI, determining that when an AI agent acts at a user's direction, it is the user—not the AI company—who "accesses" computer systems under federal and California computer fraud statutes. This landmark appellate decision addresses how existing computer-access laws apply to agentic artificial intelligence and has significant implications...

A federal court has struck down New York's Climate Change Superfund Act, which sought to recover $75 billion from fossil fuel companies based on historical emissions. The ruling found the Act preempted by the Clean Air Act, marking the first judicial decision on state climate superfund legislation and establishing that EPA's rescission of the endangerment finding does not alter preemption analysis.

The European Commission has adopted final Guidelines on exclusionary abuses of dominance under Article 102 TFEU, introducing a "workable effects approach" that narrows presumptions while expanding guidance on objective justifications and recognizing sustainability benefits as valid efficiencies for the first time. These Guidelines replace the 2008 Enforcement Priorities Guidance and are expected to significantly impact enforcement practices across EU Member States and beyond, particularly for digital market

In a recent PTAB decision, Director Squires addressed whether Microsoft's IPR petition should proceed despite Sandpiper CDN's discretionary denial request. The ruling hinged on two critical factors: the novelty of Microsoft's art citations and Sandpiper CDN's failure to disclose its own commonly assigned prior art during patent prosecution. This case provides important guidance on how patent owners' prosecution conduct can impact discretionary denial outcomes at the Patent Trial and Appeal Board.

The European Commission has proposed replacing the EU's three core procurement directives with a single, directly applicable Regulation that would fundamentally reshape how companies compete for public contracts across Member States. The reform introduces mandatory quality criteria thresholds, embeds ESG considerations as evaluation factors, and establishes new security and European-preference provisions that could restrict participation based on ownership, supply chain exposure, and strategic dependencies.

Early decisions about a start-up's legal structure can dramatically affect tax outcomes and financial returns as the company grows and reaches liquidity events. Understanding the Qualified Small Business Stock (QSBS) exemption and implementing proper structuring from the outset can significantly enhance returns for both founders and investors.