History, Scope And Objective Of The Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023 - Part 1 (Podcast)

A personal data breach can create immediate legal, operational, and reputational consequences for an organisation. Under India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDP Act) and the Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 (DPDP Rules), specific obligations have been prescribed for Data Fiduciaries following a personal data breach. While organisations may already have broader data protection and cybersecurity measures in place, breach notification requires a distinct and time-sensitive response. The DPDP framework requires communication both to affected Data Principals and to the Data Protection Board of India.

India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDP Act) introduces a relatively permissive framework for the cross-border transfer of personal data from India. Unlike the European Union’s GDPR, which relies extensively on adequacy decisions and prescribed transfer safeguards, the DPDP framework adopts a negative-list approach: international transfers are generally permitted, subject to restrictions that may be notified by the Central Government.

India's digital privacy framework has now moved from legislative intent to staged implementation.

India’s data protection framework has moved from legislation to implementation. With the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (“DPDP Act”) and the Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 (“DPDP Rules”) now notified, organizations processing personal data in India need to reassess how long they retain personal data, why they retain it, and how they ultimately delete or anonymize it.

The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology ("MEITY") has now formally notified the Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 ("DPDP Rules" or "Rules") on 13 November 2025.

India’s data protection landscape is undergoing its most significant shift in over a decade. The Information Technology (Reasonable Security Practices and Procedures and Sensitive Personal Data or Information) Rules, 2011 (“SPDI Rules”), have long formed the core of personal data protection obligations under the Information Technology Act, 2000 (“IT Act“) for body corporates handling sensitive personal data or information.

India’s data protection regime has moved well past the discussion stage. With the Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 (“DPDP Rules”) notified by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (“MeitY”) on 13 November 2025, the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (“DPDP Act”) now has a defined implementation roadmap, and 2026 is the year businesses should be using to prepare for substantive compliance.

The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology ("MeitY") on 14.11.2025, published multiple notifications numbered G.S.R. 843(E) , G.S.R. 844(E) , G.S.R. 845(E) and G.S.R. 846(E).

AI regulation does not always arrive in the form of a dedicated AI statute. More often, it enters through privacy law. On April 7, 2026, the Japanese Cabinet approved a bill to amend Japan’s Act on the Protection of Personal Information (“APPI”). The Diet passed the amendment on July 10, 2026, and it was promulgated on July 17, 2026 as Act No. 56 of 2026; the amendment is now enacted but not yet in force, with its main provisions taking effect on a date to be fixed by Cabinet order no later than mid-2028.

Businesses increasingly depend on global cloud infrastructure, international group companies, overseas vendors and remote service providers. As a result, cross-border data transfers have become an important legal and operational issue for organisations operating in India.

The Indian government has raised the EPF wage ceiling from Rs. 15,000 to Rs. 25,000 per month, effective mid-September 2026, creating immediate compliance questions for employers. How should contributions be calculated for the transition month when the change takes effect partway through the wage period, and what treatment applies to employees who become newly covered versus those already enrolled?

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On February 10, 2026, the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology ("MeitY") notified the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Amendment Rules...

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Argus Partners maintains offices in three major Indian cities: Mumbai, New Delhi, and Bengaluru. The firm provides legal services while adhering to Bar Council of India regulations that prohibit solicitation and advertising, requiring visitors to acknowledge specific disclaimers before accessing information.

Argus Partners maintains offices in three major Indian cities - Mumbai, New Delhi, and Bengaluru - providing legal services across the country. The firm's strategic presence in these key metropolitan areas enables comprehensive coverage of India's primary business and commercial centers. Contact information and physical addresses are provided for each location to facilitate client engagement.

Argus Partners maintains offices in Mumbai, New Delhi, and Bengaluru, providing legal services across India's major business centers. The firm operates under strict Bar Council of India regulations regarding solicitation and advertising, requiring users to acknowledge specific disclaimers before accessing information. Contact details and physical addresses are provided for each office location.

The Competition Commission of India ("CCI") had on October 20, 2022, passed an order against Google LLC and Google India Private Limited ("Google") directing Google...