The litigation initiated by Apple Inc. in the Delhi High Court in December 2025 poses a substantive test of India's evolving competition regime particularly the legal architecture governing penalty imposition for anti-competitive conduct.
The litigation initiated by Apple Inc. in the Delhi High Court
in December 2025 poses a substantive test of India's evolving
competition regime particularly the legal architecture governing
penalty imposition for anti-competitive conduct. At its core
Apple's petition challenges the constitutionality and
proportionality of recent amendments to the Competition Act, 2002
("Act") as well as related guidelines
adopted by the Competition Commission of India
("CCI"), which empower the regulator to
compute penalties on the basis of an enterprise's global
turnover rather than a narrow India-specific revenue base. The
significance of this dispute extends beyond the interests of a
single multinational corporation; it touches upon core principles
of statutory interpretation, constitutional limits on punitive
administrative action, and India's regulatory approach toward
digital markets and Big Tech.
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