China's Export Control For Dual-Use Items: Risks And Compliance

Since the Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter the 'Export Control Law') came into effect on December 1, 2020, China has fully entered an era of legally regulated export control over dual-use items. This Law, together with the Foreign Trade Law of the People's Republic of China and other relevant legislation, constitutes the superior legal framework governing current export control. As expressly stated in Article 1 of the Export Control Law, its core objective is to safeguard national security and interests, fulfil international obligations such as non-proliferation, and strengthen and standardize export control. Within this framework, the Regulations on the Export Control of Dual-Use Items further elaborate on the licensing system, customs verification procedures, and the management of end-users and end-uses of dual-use items.