Restricting the advance payment to the real estate developers in Romania – Maximum 10% – Draft Law
In 2024, more and more real estate developers in Romania are building properties, making the real estate market in Romania continuously expand.
Application of the look-through approach concept in Poland – new tax rulings and interpretations
Practical comments on beneficial owner, treaty shopping, beneficial owner clauses for dividends, beneficial owner clauses for interest, substitute companies and abusive clauses, the status of a beneficial owner in various types of intermediary centres between service orderers and service providers, withholding tax on interest paid within the cash pooling structure.
Ferrari Law: The Grounds for Termination of Distribution Agreements and the Method for Calculating Compensation Owed to the Dealer
This article aims to analyze the grounds for terminating automotive vehicle distribution agreements, the right to compensation for each type of termination,
Goalposts Shift in Compliance: Nigeria’s BAT Fine and CAF’s Regulatory Penalty Redefine Africa’s Competition Law Scene
Setting the New Benchmark in Africa Africa’s approach to enforcing competition law is experiencing a transformative shift, highlighted by the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (FCCPC) of Nigeria’s landmark USD 110 million fine on British American Tobacco Nigeria Limited and affiliated companies (BAT). This penalty is not just a substantial financial imposition; it also …
From Bytes to Heirs: Digital Estate Planning in Wealth Management
Introduction The wealth management landscape keeps evolving because of the growth of technology and digitalization. Assets are no longer confined to traditional forms such as monies in accounts, shares, real property, tangible assets like jewellery. Interestingly, they now encompass digital assets[1], such as personalized online platforms accounts e.g. X account, all contributing to an individual’s …
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Hired, Fired, and Outsourced: Nigeria’s Employment Maze
Introduction The impact of globalization and trade liberalization on Nigeria’s employment practices cannot be overstated. With the drive for increased profitability and competitiveness, a significant shift is occurring as businesses increasingly turn to labour outsourcing. This model, facilitated by specialized third-party labour contractors,1 is reshaping traditional employment dynamics.2 At the heart of these changes are …
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Value Added Tax and Digital Services in Nigeria
Introduction Value Added Tax (VAT) is an indirect tax imposed on the supply of goods and services. Historically, this supply of goods and services involved physical exchanges in specific locations known as markets, where the identities of the transaction parties were also disclosed.
Big Apple, Big Rules: The Abuse of Dominance Dilemma
Inside Apple’s App Store: Control, Controversy, and Compliance On 4 March 2024, the European Commission (EC) fined Apple more than €1.8 billion for breaching EU competition laws through its App Store practices. The EC found that Apple’s dominant position in the market for distributing music streaming apps on iOS devices was exploited by implementing restrictions …
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Recent Trends in Amendments to Intellectual Property Law in Korea – Changes to the Patent Term Extension System, Introduction of Quintuple Damages for Trademark Infringement, Etc.
Various amendment bills were passed at the plenary session of the National Assembly on December 27, 2024, which include (i) in the Patent Act,
Amendments to Act on Prevention of Divulgence and Protection of Industrial Technology passed at the National Assembly’s Plenary Session
The amendments to the Act on Prevention of Divulgence and Protection of Industrial Technology (APDPIT) were passed at the plenary session of the National Assembly on December 27, 2024.