India-Japan Economic Partnership: Strategic Convergence, Sectoral Opportunities
Historical Relationship and Economic Collaboration India and Japan share one of Asia’s most enduring and philosophically grounded bilateral partnerships.
PART III: LANDMARK SHIFT IN MATERNITY BENEFITS FOR ADOPTIVE MOTHERS
Since the notification of commencement of the new labour codes in November 2025, the provisions relating to the maternity benefit under the Code on Social Security, 2020 (“SS Code”) were challenged on the basis of a pending writ under the erstwhile Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 (“MB Act”). In this Part III of the labour law …
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Contracting through Conflicts: Allocating Risks in a Geopolitically Unstable World
On March 11, 1930, Mahatma Gandhi, in his speech at the Sabarmati Ashram, Ahmedabad, India, said “Let no one commit a wrong in anger. This is my hope and prayer”.
Additional clarifications to the FDI policy for investments from land bordering countries
Introduction On 15 March 2026, the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade, Ministry of Commerce and Industry has issued Press Note No. 2 (2026 Series) (“Press Note 2”) as an amendment to Para 3.1.1 of the Consolidated FDI Policy Circular of 2020 dated 15.10.2020 (“FDI Policy”) in furtherance to the press release dated …
Labour Law Series: Part I: Implementation of New Labour Codes – Key Updates for the Employers
The Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India (“Ministry”) pursuant to the press release dated 21 November 2025 (“Press Release”) has implemented 4 (four) labour codes, namely, (i) the Code on Wages, 2019 (“Wage Code”), (ii) the Industrial Relations Code, 2020 (“Industrial Relations Code”), (iii) the Code on Social Security, 2020 (“Social Security Code”), …
When you are not the Judgement Debtor- Safeguarding against illegal eviction under the law
INTRODUCTION Order XXI Rule 97 of the Code of Civil Procedure (“CPC”) deals with situations wherein a decree-holder, when taking possession of immovable property after a decree has been passed in their favour, is obstructed or resisted from doing so by a third party.
CAN INVESTIGATING AGENCIES COMPEL DISCLOSURE OF PRIVILEGED COMMUNICATION BETWEEN ATTORNEY AND CLIENT? A LEGAL ANALYSIS
I. Introduction The Attorney–client privilege (“ACP”) is a legal doctrine with origins in the 16th century English common law that, broadly speaking, protects all confidential communication made between an advocate and their client(s) to secure legal advice.[1] It is based on the fact that a client can have effective representation only when they are able …
Attorney–Client Privilege and the Limits of State Power: A Study of the Supreme Court’s Judgment in In Re: Summoning of Advocates.
A. Introduction In a landmark decision, the Supreme Court has sent a strong message that “the power to summon is not the power to interfere with the privileged communications between a lawyer and client, as long as the Constitutional Courts sit, in this Country[1].” The court was confronted with the rising tide of investigative adventurism, …
Modification of Arbitral Awards: Supreme Court answers
A. Introduction What began as a criminal complaint in 2004, culminated in a landmark ruling by the Hon’ble Supreme Court on a key issue in the field of arbitration. On 30 April 2025, while delivering its judgment in Gayatri Balaswamy v. ISG Novasoft Technologies Ltd[1] [“Gayatri”], the Apex Court addressed the pivotal question of whether …
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Virtual Violence: Law, Technology and Protection of Adolescents in Cyberspace
A. Introduction A recent survey in India found that 60% of children in urban areas spend up to 3 hours daily on social media and gaming platforms.[1]