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ARTICLE · 02 SEPTEMBER 2018

Microsoft V. Philips (PTAB, May 22, 2018) (Article In Korean)

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미국 특허심판원(PTAB)의 자명성 공격이나 미국 특허청(USPTO) 심사관의 거절에 대응하는 일은 까다로울 수 있습니다. KSR v. Teleflex 사건(2007년)에서 대법원은 자명성이라

United StatesIntellectual Property
Philippe J.C. Signore, Ph.D.
Philippe J.C. Signore, Ph.D.
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미국 특허심판원(PTAB)의 자명성 공격이나 미국 특허청(USPTO) 심사관의 거절에 대응하는 일은 까다로울 수 있습니다.  KSR v. Teleflex 사건(2007년)에서 대법원은 자명성이라는 결론을 뒷받침할 수 있는 몇가지 근거(7가지)를 제시하였습니다. 대부분의 근거는 선행 문헌의 조합으로 산출된 결과에 대한 예측 가능성에 의존하며, 심사관/피고는 해당 발명 및 선행 기술에 가장 적합한 이론적 근거를 고르고 선택합니다.

특허출원인 또는 특허권자의 책략은 이러한 도전에 방어하기 위해 비자명성 도구 중에서 올바른 도구를 찾는 것이며, 이러한 도구 중 한 가지가 오늘날까지도 여전히 적용되는 오래된 판례입니다.  그 사례는 In re Ratti(CCPA 1959)입니다.  이 사례가 전하는 바는 만약 선행 기술이 제안하는 변형 또는 조합이 변형되는 선행 기술 발명의 작동 원리를 바꿀 경우 선행 기술 내용이 청구발명을 자명하기 하기에는 충분하지 않다는 것입니다. 이 판례에서 법원은 "제안된 기술 조합은 제1선행문헌에 기재된 요소의 상당한 재건 및 재설계를 필요로 한다”는 주장과 함께 자명성 거절을 뒤집었습니다.

본 사례가 미국 특허청(USPTO)(예: MPEP 2143.01-VI)에 의해 여전히 인용되는 판례라는 점은 다소 놀라울 수 있습니다.  그런데 KSR 이전에 판결된 이 사례는 예측 가능성에 대한 문제를 다루지 않으며, KSR 결정은 In re Ratti 의 이론적 근거를 적용하지 않았습니다.  KSR 판례의 발명은 고정된 중심점에 전자 페달 위치 센서를 부착한 조정 가능한 페달이었습니다.  제1 선행 기술(Asano)은 고정된 중심점과 기계식 스로틀 제어 장치가 있는 조정 가능한 페달이었으며,  제2 선행기술은 중심점 상에 위치한 전자 페달 센서였습니다.  법원은

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