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ARTICLE · 06 JULY 2021

İş Sözleşmelerinde Cezai Şart

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Cezai şart, aslen bir borçlar hukuku müessesesi olmakla birlikte iş hukukunda da uygulamasına sıkça rastlamak mümkündür.

TurkeyEmployment and HR
Zeynep Gülay
Zeynep Gülay
İrem Çitak
İrem Çitak
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ÖZET

Cezai şart, aslen bir borçlar hukuku müessesesi olmakla birlikte iş hukukunda da uygulamasına sıkça rastlamak mümkündür. 4857 sayılı İş Kanunu'nda cezai şarta ilişkin bir düzenlemenin bulunmaması sebebiyle iş hukukunun temel prensiplerinin gözetilerek cezai şart hükümlerinin uygulanması önem arz etmektedir. Bilindiği üzere, iş hukukunda ana prensip işçi lehine yorum ilkesidir. Bu ilkenin cezai şart bakımından görünümü karşılıklılık prensibidir. Karşılıklılık prensibi gereği sadece işçi aleyhine cezai şart kararlaştırılamayacaktır. Yine işçinin ekonomik açıdan mahvına sebep olacak mahiyette cezai şart kararlaştırılması da mümkün değildir. Bu durumda hâkim her olayın kendi özelliğini değerlendirerek takdir yetkisini kullanıp cezai şartta indirime gidebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada genel olarak cezai şarta ilişkin hükümler ile bu hükümlerin iş sözleşmelerinde uygulanması incelenecektir.

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