WHY FOREIGN FREEZING ORDERS MATTER IN CROSS-BORDER LITIGATION
The increasing internationalisation of financial flows has significantly shaped the dynamics of commercial litigation. Assets linked to a dispute are rarely confined to a single jurisdiction. Bank accounts, securities, corporate participations or real estate interests may be spread across multiple countries, often through layered ownership structures or complex financial arrangements. As a result, the effective enforcement of claims increasingly depends on the ability of litigants to secure assets located abroad.
In this context, freezing orders have become a central procedural instrument in cross-border litigation. Rather than determining the merits of a claim, they seek to preserve the debtor's patrimony and ensure that a future judgment does not become purely theoretical due to the dissipation of assets during the course of proceedings.
