The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 got presidential assent on 9th August 2019, and the same came into effect from 20th July 2020 replacing the old Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

Green hydrogen refers to hydrogen that is generated via the process of electrolysis or conversion of biomass, including electricity generated from renewable sources which is banked with the grid as per the Indian regulations.

Counterfeiting is one of the most widespread and dangerous forms of intellectual property infringement. Unlike other cases of copyright and/or patent infringement, for instance, counterfeiting is often organized and global.

April 22, 2026 marks the day India's online gaming sector stepped out of the grey zone and into a comprehensive, centralised regulatory framework. On this date, the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (“MeitY”) issued a series of Gazette notifications that together operationalise the Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Act, 2025 (“PROGA” or the “Act”) and the Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Rules, 2026 (“Rules”). Both come into force on May 1, 2026.

One of the most important aspects of a treaty-based law or Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA) is the existence of a Permanent Establishment (PE).

One of the principal advantages of arbitration is its ability to deliver a final and binding resolution without becoming entangled in the multiple layers of procedural litigation that often characterize traditional court proceedings. However, that objective can be undermined when parties repeatedly approach courts at various stages of the arbitral process, challenging interim decisions before a final award is rendered.

India is the world's third-largest energy consumer, and thus it's important to understand how ethanol is redefining the energy sector and playing a significant role in shaping the industrial landscape today.

Every time a person clicks “I agree” on a website, downloads an app or opens a bank account, a separate act of consent may be given to an organisation processing that person’s personal data. Until recently, there has been no mechanism under Indian law through which an individual could manage, in one place, the consents given to different organisations, including reviewing and withdrawing those consents.

Private equity is an alternative form of investment that involves investing in companies that are not publicly traded on stock exchanges.

The Government of India's notification of the four consolidated Labour Codes on 21 November 2025 marks the most transformative overhaul of labour legislation in independent India.

For quite some time, the government of India has been upholding that it was drafting a mandatory code on ethical marketing of pharmaceuticals with penal provisions since the UCPMP...

The Reserve Bank of India (“RBI”) has released the draft Foreign Exchange Management (Foreign Investment) Rules, 2026 (“Draft Rules”) for public consultation. The Draft Rules propose to replace the Foreign Exchange Management (Non-Debt Instruments) Rules, 2019 (“NDI Rules”), which presently form the principal framework governing foreign investment in India.

Artificial intelligence is changing not only how products are developed, but also how inventions are conceived, tested and refined. AI and machine learning systems are increasingly being used to identify new materials, optimise industrial processes, improve medical technologies, detect anomalies, develop software architectures and generate technical solutions that may ultimately form part of a patentable invention.

Yet many Indian founders build a brand for years before asking how to trademark a name they have already been using in the market, sometimes discovering only after a rival files an application that early trademark protection can be commercially critical.

Most founders think about patents only after a competitor launches something that looks suspiciously familiar. By then, the opportunity to establish an early priority date may have narrowed, and the leverage that a well-drafted patent application or granted patent can provide in a funding, licensing or commercial negotiation may be reduced.

This article is regarding the India-Australia Economic Co-Operation and Trade Agreement (ECTA) which was signed on April 2nd 2022 and is part of our ongoing series on the historic deal.

This reflects the reality that individuals routinely provide information while availing services such as phone numbers for one-time passwords, addresses for deliveries, or email IDs for receipts without always going through a formal consent process...

The relationship between compromise settlements and the mandatory registration of FIRs continues to generate significant debate within Indian criminal jurisprudence. A recurring question before courts is whether an attempted settlement between parties can dilute or postpone the statutory obligation of the police to register an FIR where information discloses the commission of a cognisable offence.

For travel e-commerce companies in India, legal compliance is no longer a backend function but a core business enabler...

India’s data protection framework has moved from legislation to implementation. With the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (“DPDP Act”) and the Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 (“DPDP Rules”) now notified, organizations processing personal data in India need to reassess how long they retain personal data, why they retain it, and how they ultimately delete or anonymize it.