In Short
The Situation: The Court of Justice of the European Union ("CJEU") ruled that national laws cannot allow preliminary injunctions to remain in force indefinitely where the claimant never started proceedings on the merits and the defendant seeks discharge.
The Result: Italy responded through Decree-Law No. 100/2026 (in force since 12 June 2026; "Decree"), introducing a transitional regime for preliminary injunctions granted under the previous framework.
Looking Ahead: This creates a narrow window for respondents to challenge pre-existing injunctions never followed by merits proceedings. Right holders should urgently review their portfolio of preliminary injunctions and assess whether action is needed to preserve them.