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ARTICLE · 08 JANUARY 2026

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Cyber Threats Facing Ireland's Critical Services, Systems And Infrastructure

William Fry LLP
William Fry LLP
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William Fry LLP

William Fry LLP

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In December 2025, the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) published its second National Cyber Risk Assessment (NCRA).

IrelandTechnology
Rachel Hayes
Rachel Hayes
Leo Moore
Leo Moore
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In December 2025, the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) published its second National Cyber Risk Assessment (NCRA).

The NCRA is not legally binding, yet it provides important context about the cyber threats facing Ireland, its critical national infrastructure (CNI) and the interconnected supply chains that anchor its critical systems and services. In this sense, it is a helpful tool for businesses (particularly those in critical sectors) to inform and benchmark the assessment of cybersecurity risk management measures (RMMs) implemented for NIS2 compliance (to read more about NIS2 RMMs, see here).

The NCRA outlines "observed trends", "threats" and "risks" facing Ireland's digital and operational resilience based on recent global cyber incident activity. These risks are: (1) the dynamic geopolitical environment; (2) evolving technology and its implications on security; and (3) supply chain security. These risks have potentially wide-ranging adverse impacts,

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