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ARTICLE · 02 OCTOBER 2025

Regulatory Crackdown On Dark Patterns: CCPA's Enforcement Actions And Emerging Compliance Landscape In Indian E-Commerce

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India is emerging as a global leader in the fight against manipulative digital practices, setting standards through clear regulations and robust enforcement around ‘dark patterns'.

IndiaConsumer Protection
Abhay Shetty
Abhay Shetty
Nandita Phal
Nandita Phal
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This publication has been published by the International Comparative Legal Guide (ICLG) at Regulatory Crackdown on Dark Patterns: CCPA's Enforcement Actions and Emerging Compliance Landscape in Indian E-Commerce | ICLG.com Briefings

India is emerging as a global leader in the fight against manipulative digital practices, setting standards through clear regulations and robust enforcement around 'dark patterns'. The ongoing efforts by regulatory bodies such as the Central Consumer Protection Authority ("CCPA") and recent compliance actions by prominent, market‑leading e‑commerce entities signal a new era of consumer protection in the country.

Understanding 'Dark Patterns'

A dark pattern is a user interface design which is intentionally designed to mislead or trick users into making decisions that they may not otherwise make, by subverting or impairing consumer autonomy 1. Under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 ("Act"), such practices can constitute "unfair

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