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ARTICLE · 03 JUNE 2026

La Cour supérieure du Québec annule une sentence arbitrale et balise l’utilisation de l’IA

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Une décision de la Cour supérieure du Québec établit des balises claires sur l'utilisation de l'intelligence artificielle par les arbitres et décideurs judiciaires. Comment les tribunaux encadrent-ils désormais l'IA comme outil d'assistance tout en interdisant la délégation du pouvoir décisionnel?

CanadaLitigation, Mediation & Arbitration
Philippe Boisvert
Philippe Boisvert
Olivier Bourdon
Olivier Bourdon
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La décision Association des ressources intermédiaires d'hébergement du Québec (ARIHQ) c. Santé Québec - Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 2026 QCCS 1360,rendue par la Cour supérieure le 22 avril 2026, balise l’utilisation de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) pour la rédaction de sentences arbitrales et, par ricochet, de décisions judiciaires.

La Cour supérieure, sous la plume de l’honorable Martin F. Sheehan, J.C.S., a annulé une sentence arbitrale au motif que l’arbitre s’était appuyé sur des références doctrinales et jurisprudentielles inexistantes dans le cœur de son raisonnement, ce qui laissait conclure à l’utilisation incontrôlée d’un outil d’IA et à une délégation irrégulière du pouvoir décisionnel.

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