As we highlighted in our recent Practical Law Practice Note,
Smart Contracts: Best Practices, various state lawmakers are
paving the way for widespread use of blockchains and smart
contracts in commerce. For example, on January 1, 2020, the
Illinois Blockchain Technology Act (BTA) went into
effect, resolving some legal uncertainties around the legal status
of blockchains and smart contracts in Illinois.
"Smart Contracts," as defined by the BTA, are
contracts stored as electronic records which are verified by the
use of a blockchain. Smart Contracts can be deployed in a variety
of legal and non-legal contexts, ranging from car rentals to supply
chain management. However, one question that has loomed over smart
contracts is how courts will review their enforceability, given
that smart contracts may not resemble typical, written agreements.
Some legislatures, and now Illinois, have sought to address this
issue head-on, rather than waiting for courts to decide.