FPS Application In Cases Involving Turkey As The Home State

Introduction

The full protection and security (FPS) standard is one of the essential protection standards of international investment treaties. It plays a significant role in ensuring the physical protection of foreign investments, with obligations imposed on host states to both refrain from causing harm to investors and protect them from third-party actions. In recent years, following events such as the Arab Spring and Russia's aggression towards Ukraine, the FPS standard has regained prominence in international investor–state disputes. It has also been an important part of the case law involving Turkish parties, in particular with the cases against Libya. Considering the ongoing conflicts in the territories where Turkish investors are active, it seems that there may be an increase in cases involving FPS discussion in the coming years as well. This article examines the recent cases regarding Turkish investors that have an FPS component and looks ahead to