The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) has finalised its price transparency guidance under the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act 2024 (DMCCA)...

When forming a company in Switzerland, founders often focus on capital, tax and regulatory approvals. Corporate documentation receives less attention...

The UK's Competition and Markets Authority has launched formal investigations into eight companies over potentially misleading pricing practices, including hidden fees, fake countdown timers, and pre-selected extras. With new powers to impose fines up to 10% of global turnover without court proceedings, the CMA is signaling a major shift in how online pricing compliance will be enforced across all industries.

As the conflict in the Middle East continues, growing disruption across global supply chains is placing increasing strain on businesses’ contractual rights and obligations.

Businesses frequently want to test new technology before committing to a full commercial contract. A supplier may offer a proof-of-concept (PoC) or pilot project to demonstrate how its software or platform works in practice.

When entering supply agreements, buyers and sellers have different interests around the volume of goods to be purchased or supplied. A buyer wants maximum flexibility on the volume of goods it will order, ...

That can make perfect commercial sense. Regulatory approval may be outside a party’s control, a third party may need to give its consent, or performance may depend on events elsewhere in the supply chain. In these situations, an absolute obligation to deliver a particular result may be unrealistic. Instead, the parties agree on how hard the party must try to achieve it.