The income of the new foundation consists of its foundation assets, rent and similar income, if any, its securities, the income of the economic enterprises or companies it owns, the partnerships' profits, and donations and aids.

A Letter of Guarantee is a letter issued by a bank addressed to the beneficiary, guaranteeing the fulfillment of an obligation that the addressee has undertaken towards the beneficiary

In practice, companies frequently incorporate signs identical or similar to registered trademarks into their trade names; these signs are then highlighted in signage, on websites, on social media, in invoices, and in brochures, becoming part of the marketing communication.

The Turkish Personal Data Protection Board (“Board”) has clarified a key issue in data protection practices through its Principle Decision dated 18 February 2026 and numbered 2026/347.

In our age where communication technologies are developing day by day, the law is constantly renewing itself and the content of legal concepts is expanding with each technological development.

Due to the fact that lease agreements are of interest to the general public and the high inflation rate in our country, the determination of the increase rates of rental fees in residential and roofed workplace leases ...

Shareholders in joint stock companies may transfer their shares. The principles to be followed in share transfers are different in public joint stock companies...

A release is a legal agreement arising from the obligations law and is defined as a reason for the termination of a debt that directly eliminates the receivable and debt.

The transfer of shares in a license-holding company operating in the natural gas market is not merely a corporate law transaction to be completed under the Turkish Commercial Code. Prior approval from the Energy Market Regulatory Authority may be required where, among other matters, direct or indirect share acquisitions cross above or below specified thresholds or privileges or usufruct rights are created.

Type change refers to the alteration of a commercial company's legal form without liquidation. In other words, in cases such as a joint-stock company transforming into a limited liability company...

Under Turkish law, work contracts are regulated under Articles 470-486 of the Turkish Code of Obligations. Pursuant to Article 470 of the TCO, a work contract is a contract where the contractor undertakes to create ...

Employers operating in the energy sector in Turkey are subject not only to general occupational health and safety legislation but also to sector-specific technical regulations and administrative obligations. In particular, the precautions to be taken in activities involving high voltage, explosive atmospheres, confined space work, work at heights, and chemical risks are not merely an administrative requirement but form the basis of legal liability.

The Code of Civil Procedure No. 6100 ("the Code") sets forth the fundamental procedural rules governing civil proceedings within the field of private law.

The types and conditions of the employment agreements established between the employee and the employer are regulated in detail in the Labor Code ("Code").

The re-employment lawsuit is a legal remedy regulated under the Labor Law ("Law") and provides protection in favor of the employee.

On 7 January 2026, the Turkish Competition Authority published the 2025 Mergers and Acquisitions Outlook Report (the "Report"). The Report sets data regarding merger, acquisition and privatization transactions that were concluded by the Competition Authority in 2025.

With the increasing scale and complexity of energy projects, disputes have become an inevitable component of the sector. Delays, cost overruns, payment disputes, and contractual ambiguities frequently...

Pursuant to Article 168 of the Constitution of the Republic of Türkiye, natural resources and wealth are under the authority and disposal of the State. Since minerals are also considered within this scope...

Commonly referred to as “Technical Insolvency,” this concept is regulated under Article 376 of the Turkish Commercial Code (“the Code”) under the heading “Loss of Capital, State of Insolvency.” The provisions of the article define the circumstances of capital loss and insolvency for companies and set forth the procedures to be followed and the measures that may be applied in such cases.

Companies may partially or entirely cease their operations due to economic conditions, restructuring, changes in intra-group organisation, the relocation of production to another country or facility, or withdrawal from a particular market. However, a company's cessation of its actual operations at a workplace does not automatically extinguish its legal personality or terminate the agreements to which it is a party.