While offshore company formations are often associated with tax advantages, there's a broader palette of benefits that can be reaped. Among these is the versatility offered by different share types...

The valuation of banks presents unique challenges that distinguish it from the valuation of other types of companies. Given their complex balance sheets, regulatory environment...

Tax audits are a fundamental part of financial regulation, ensuring that businesses adhere to tax laws and guidelines. Pharmaceutical companies in Egypt are no exception...

Aside from notification thresholds change of control requirements are used to limit merger control notification obligations to transactions that potentially impact competition.

Egypt has entered a Macro-Financial Assistance arrangement with the European Union worth up to EUR 4 billion, contingent on implementing structural and economic reforms with a strong focus on competition law enforcement.

Egypt's growing economy has earned it the reputation of being the "land of opportunities." In this context...

In the world of private equity, valuation is at the heart of every investment decision.

In just a few years, Egypt has transformed itself from a nation struggling with political and civil unrest into a rapidly growing economy which is a hub for businesses across the Middle East and North Africa.

Egypt, with its rich tapestry of history, culture, and business, stands as a beacon of opportunity in the Middle East. The legal landscape, mirroring the country's complexity...

As it is well known, a contract for the sale of any good/service is built upon the will of two or more parties, and must include general requirements applicable to the place in which the contract...

In the Egyptian market, valuation is not only about financial performance or growth anymore. A big part of mispricing comes from what we can call negative intangibles, like weak governance, low transparency, unclear strategy, or lack of trust in management. These factors don’t show directly in the financial statements, but they strongly affect how investors see the company and its risk. In Egypt, where disclosure is not always consistent and market sentiment can change quickly, these issues explain why some loss-making companies trade at high prices, while other strong companies trade below their real value.

In practice, valuation red flags often surface in ways that are specific to the Egyptian market. For instance, differences between reported earnings and actual cash flows often become more pronounced when companies use aggressive accounting or earnings management practices, which can make financial statements harder to interpret a pattern seen in several publicly listed Egyptian firms.

Free zones are established in order to magnetize the investors via its prominent and premium investment system.

On 13 September 2022, the Egyptian Prime Minister issued Decree 3218/2022 requiring all state entities and companies fully or partially owned by the state to seek the approval...

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia seeks to gather legal entities under a classification compatible with the Saudi system; most important of these entities...

A lease contract falls under the category of ‘beneficial contracts' in which the lessor grants the right to a particular property to a lessee for a specified period, in exchange for a certain price.

When evaluating a company's true worth, traditional methods like price-to-earnings (P/E) and discounted cash flow (DCF) provide valuable insights but may not always capture the full picture.

Securitization, also known as financial rights securitization, is an innovative financing tool that allows public and private institutions to obtain the necessary liquidity without the need for direct borrowing.

Based on the provisions of Law No. 173 of 2023, certain amendments have been made to Law No. 121 of 1982.

In a volatile market, businesses face unique challenges when it comes to determining their cost of capital and conducting accurate valuations.