The Legality Of Using Publicly Available Information For Training Artificial Intelligence Models

Chidumebi Nwosu¹

1. INTRODUCTION

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has reshaped the way humans interact with technology, promoting advancements in natural language processing, image recognition, and decision-making systems. At the centre of this development are large language models (LLMs), such as OpenAI's GPT-4, Claude Ai, etc, which are trained on vast datasets drawn from multiple sources. A large portion of the data used by these models are obtained from publicly available information, including websites, blogs, and social media platforms. The latest models of GPT are trained on trillions of words, a dataset so big that it would be "the equivalent of a Microsoft Word document that is over 3.7 billion pages long".² While this practice may seem to promote innovation, it equally raises certain legal and ethical concerns.