Egypt/Armenia New MoU On Competition Law Enforcement: Institutional Expansion And Practical Limits

Competition enforcers in the MENA region have continued to deepen their institutional ties through new bilateral agreements and multilateral initiatives. Over the past months, competition authorities have signed several memoranda of understanding (MoUs) aimed at facilitating cooperation in antitrust enforcement and merger control (see our June 2025 article on inter-agency cooperation among MENA competition authorities  here). 

In particular, since the entry into force of Egypt's pre-closing merger control regime in June 2024 and even before that, the Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) has been notably active in establishing cooperation frameworks with peer authorities in the Middle East, North Africa, and beyond. The most recent example is the MoU signed in December 2025 between the ECA and the Competition Protection Commission of the Republic of Armenia (CPC), under which the heads of both authorities agreed to cooperate in the fields of competition