All victims with causally-connected damages can claim damages
from cartel infringers
In its December, 2019 decision (C-435/18), the ECJ followed the
opinion of Advocate General Kokott and held that damages claims
against cartelists are not limited to suppliers and
customers on the affected market.
"Any loss which has a causal
connection" can be claimed by anyone suffering such
loss, regardless of its activity on the affected or downstream
market. This includes, in this case, public funders who had
suffered a loss because low-interest loans it had granted were
greater in volume than if the cartel had not existed, detracting
from the public funder's ability to use the funds elsewhere
more profitably.