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Spain’s economic outlook remained bleak in 2011, with unemployment reaching 21.5% in the third quarter. Labour reforms in social security and pensions kept employment lawyers busy, and employment litigation remained high. In real estate, the first half of 2011 saw a significant decrease in investments and sale-and-leaseback transactions, but restructurings and distressed deals were a source of work. In corporate spheres, the private equity market remained subdued, but insolvencies were a source of activity. The restructuring of Spanish savings banks compensated for the lack of traditional M&A, although much of this has now concluded.

The energy sector saw more activity as the new government prepared to amend certain regulations, requiring clients to seek advice on the changes. Other recent sources of work for lawyers included the privatisation of Spain’s airports, but the planned privatisation of the lottery was halted due to difficult market conditions.

The ‘Big Three’ Spanish firms – Cuatrecasas, Gonçalves Pereira; Garrigues; and Uría Menéndez – maintain their reputation for excellence. Gómez-Acebo & Pombo Abogados is also a strong player. Other notable Spanish firms include Perez-Llorca and CMS Albiñana & Suárez de Lezo.

A number of UK firms enjoy prominent positions: namely Clifford Chance, Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer and Linklaters. Olswang was among new entrants to the market in 2011.

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