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ARTICLE · 20 NOVEMBER 2023

Presidential Succession

The order in which government leaders are tasked with performing the duties of the president if the incumbent cannot carry out the office's responsibilities.

United StatesGovernment, Public Sector

The order in which government leaders are tasked with performing the duties of the president if the incumbent cannot carry out the office's responsibilities.

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Article II of the Constitution establishes the presidential succession sequence. The vice president is to serve when the president is unable to discharge their duties. Further, Article II directs Congress to establish officers to fill the role should the vice president also be unable to serve. Congress passed the first Presidential Succession Act in 1792, adding the president pro tempore of the Senate and speaker of the House to the line of succession.

The ratification of the Twenty-Fifth Amendment in 1967 sets further parameters and remedies for presidential disability and succession. Today, the order of succession begins with the vice president, the speaker of the House, and the president pro tempore of the Senate before the cabinet secretaries, which remain in order of agency establishment.

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