The Office of the U.S. Trade Representative has imposed a 25% additional tariff on certain Brazilian merchandise effective July 22, 2026, marking the first major country-specific Section 301 tariff measure following the invalidation of IEEPA-based tariffs. The action follows a year-long investigation into Brazilian policies covering digital trade restrictions, intellectual property protection, and deforestation concerns, with broad exemptions for agricultural, aerospace, pharmaceutical, and energy products.