Cost allocation in international arbitration is a significant concern for the parties of the dispute, as well as a debated topic among the practitioners and the scholars.

Jouissance shares are the securities, different from the share certificates, which do not provide its holder with any shareholder rights but which carry some financial rights.

This type of contract’s expiration date is known by the parties from the outset.

The Regulation provides for share transfer restrictions, and imposes administrative fines and other restrictive measures that are applicable for certain breaches under the Regulation.

"Great electricity energy systems are accepted as the most complex man-made machines." Electricity energy is used in almost in every area of our highly populated modern cities.

Resolution of disputes arising from rental agreements is of great importance, since the arbitral awards with regard to non-arbitrable matters may be subject to annulment or may give rise to a ground of refusal of enforcement.

The Sport Discipline Regulation entered into force through publication in the Official Gazette dated 13.07.2019 and numbered 30830.

Nevertheless, in spite of the Cooler Rule Decision, a decrease in the market shares of Tuborg continued.

Under Turkish law, franchise agreement, being a "sui generis" type of contract, contains features of various other agreements.

The proposal for a Directive on certain rules governing lawsuits for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the European Union and of the member states was adopted by the European Parliament on April 17, 2014.

The Turkish Commercial Code Article 428, which governs the provision of maximum representation of shareholders in the general assembly of a joint stock company, stipulates new representative appointments that are not required in the former Turkish Commercial Code No. 6762.

The principles and procedures of issuance of shares at a premium are regulated under Turkish Commercial Code numbered 6102 ("TCC") and Capital Markets Law numbered 6362 ("CML").

In accordance with the statistics published by the Turkish Patent and Trademark Institution, 105,996 trademarks were registered with the TurkPatent in 2018 in total; whereas, 81,911 of the domestic trademarks ...

According to Article 19 of Corporate Tax Code No. 5520 ("CTC"), real estate, participation shares held for more than two years, and manufacturing or service business lines that are recorded in the balance sheet of a full liable equity company.

Resolution of disputes arising from rental agreements ("lease disputes") is of great importance, since the arbitral awards with regard to non-arbitrable matters may be subject to annulment or may give rise to a ground of refusal of enforcement.

Financial statements have been subject to major amendments with the New Turkish Commercial Code numbered 6102 ("New TCC"). The New TCC has adopted the Turkish Accounting Standards ("TAS") which are compatible with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"), which were not regulated under the Turkish Commercial Code numbered 6762 ("TCC").

Evidentiary issues in international arbitration are of great importance, based on their impact on fulfilling the burden of proof, and consequently, on the decisions on merits.

The IBA Rules serve as a harmonization tool as well, especially when parties and arbitrators come from different legal systems.

On 11 August 2020, the London Court of International Arbitration has announced the changes made to the LCIA arbitration rules that will become effective on 1 October 2020.

The usufruct lease is a contract whereby the lessor undertakes to grant the lessee the right of use of a productive object and the benefit of its fruits or proceeds in exchange for rent.