This newsletter article evaluates the rather complex concept of sublease that embodies various diversified views, in practice.

There are certain limitations to freedom of contract. Under national laws, these limitations appear as mandatory rules based on public policy.

Before we step into the examination of the subject of contributing receivables as capital to corporations, it is important to briefly mention what may be contributed as capital to companies.

Our legal system provides, under article 939/1 of the Turkish Civil Code that pledges over movable properties may be established by transfer of actual possession of the movables.

There is a difference of jurisprudence between the 2. and 13. Civil Chambers of the Court of Appeals whether enforcement of judgments which do not include any justification constitutes incompliance with the ordre public.

On the ICC Turkey Arbitration Day, one of the topics discussed was the ICC Report on the Emergency Arbitrator Proceedings.

The liability of legal persons from public debts, and the determination of the scope of this liability are of great importance in practice.

The Law aims to establish legal grounds for the retail trade market, and is comprised of regulations that govern both conventional and organized retailing.

In accordance with another embodiment of the Bill, the procedures and principles related to the examination of the application for registration of design is re-defined.

Shareholders may contribute capital to their companies in cash or in kind. Capital in cash can be subscribed and paid in Turkish Liras, whereas capital in kind can be formed from different items.

A discussion on the guarantee agreements and suretyship agreements, which are two different types of agreements, but which can be easily mistaken for one another.

It is possible to face various types of tort in ordinary life. One of the most common examples of a tort is personal injury that a person has suffered.

The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods ("CISG") regulates the formation of contracts under Part II, Articles 14 to 24. Articles 11, 13 and 29 also provide insight for formation of contracts.

In general share buybacks activity -a corporate finance tool- of companies is forbidden under the Turkish Commercial Code numbered 6762 except from certain exceptional cases.

The list shall include all the services and sub-services provided by a coastal facility together with their definitions.

The Capital Markets Law No. 6362, which was accepted on 06 December 2012, was published in the Official Gazette dated 30 December 2012 and entered into force on the date of publication.

The International Chamber of Commerce revised and introduced new Rules of Arbitration that will enter into force on 1 January 2021

The new Arbitration Rules of the International Chamber of Commerce entered into force as of January 1, 2012.

According to Article 9 of the Civil Procedure Code ("CPC") of 18 June 1927 numbered 1086, which is still in force and which will remain in force until 1 October 2011, all lawsuits are to be filed in the court of the domicile of the defendant unless otherwise stated in the Code.

The Regulation on Distance Contracts has been recently promulgated in the Official Gazette dated 27 November 2014 and numbered 29188 pursuant to the Law on Protection of Consumers No. 6502.