The case would indicate that any incentive by a dominant firm that might be seen as linked to loyalty risks attracting a large fine.

On 13 September 2012, the General Court dismissed the appeal lodged by Protégé International Ltd against a European Commission decision to reject a complaint alleging breach of Article 102 TFEU by Pernod Ricard.

The Court of Justice of the European Union handed down a judgment in which it held that the Charter of Fundamental Rights did not prevent the European Commission from claiming compensation for loss caused to EU institutions as a result of a cartel.

Under the settlement procedure, JP Morgan received a reduction in its fines of 10%.

On 19 September 2012, the European Commission launched a market test of commitments offered by Apple and four publishers aimed at reaching a settlement in the ongoing investigation into e-book pricing.

On 12 and 19 July 2012, the European Court of Justice handed down its judgments dismissing in their entirety appeals brought by Compañía Española de Tabaco en Rama, Alliance One International Inc., and Standard Commercial Tobacco Co. Inc.

On 9 December 2014, the Paris Court of Appeal made a request for a preliminary ruling to the ECJ for clarification.

On 15 July 2015, the General Court adopted three judgments partly annulling the decisions adopted by the EU Commission in 2009 and 2010 in the heat stabiliser cartels case.

On 5 June 2012, the General Court dismissed an appeal brought by Imperial Chemical Industries.

On 16 November 2012, the General Court granted requests for interim relief in appeals against the Commission’s refusal to grant confidential treatment to part of its 2006 decision in the bleaching chemicals cartel case.

A parent company can rebut this presumption by bringing forward sufficient evidence that its subsidiary acted autonomously on the market.

The Report canvasses the extent to which those principles and recommendations have been incorporated into national law by Member States.

On 17 October 2013, the Court of Justice of the European Union (the "ECJ") ruled on a preliminary reference from a German court concerning the interpretation of Article 15(1)(c) of Regulation (EC) 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters (the "Brussels Regulation") (ECJ, case C-218/12, Lokman Emrek v. Vlado Sabranovic).

Accordingly, the ECJ favours the performance of the contract instead, rescission should be considered as a solution of last resort.

On 6 December 2012, the European Commission published the results of an EU-wide screening of websites selling games, books, videos and music which can be downloaded to a computer or mobile device.

The BCA is of the opinion that Belgian notification thresholds should not be increased because they are already relatively high when compared to those neighbouring Member States.

In an interim judgment of 5 May 2015, the Brussels Court of Appeal referred three questions for a preliminary ruling to the Court of Justice of the European Union.

The dispute at issue related to the reimbursement of commissions of a financial agent to her principal, a company operating in the insurance sector.

Finally, the ECJ reaffirmed that insofar as national authorities are required to order the recovery of unlawful aid, they must also claim interest from the beneficiary.

On 11 January 2017, GE notified its proposed acquisition of LM Wind to the Commission.