Electricity generated and consumed directly within the generation license holder's own consumption facilities, without being supplied to the transmission or distribution system, is not considered as a sale to end-users.

With the rapid growth of e-commerce in Türkiye and across the world, online marketplace platforms have become a critical arena for trademark owners.

With the digitalization of reservation systems and the widespread use of online platforms, the situation referred to as “no-show”, where the customer does not benefit from the accommodation service despite having made a reservation, has become a significant commercial risk area for hotel businesses.

Defined in the Turkish Commercial Code No. 6102 ("Code"), the joint stock company and the limited liability company differ in many respects, such as the establishment of the company...

Trademarks are among the most important distinctive elements of modern commercial life and constitute fundamental tools that enable businesses to distinguish their goods and services in the marketplace.

Biometric data, which is used to identify and verify individuals, has become widely processed in both the public and private sectors with the advancement of technology.

Foundations have played a major role in order to increase aid and solidarity in society for centuries. Today, foundations support the public service obligation as one of the leading non-governmental organizations.

The Turkish Civil Code Numbered 4721, the Law on Foundations Numbered 5737 ("Law"), the Regulation on Foundations published in the Official Gazette dated 27.09.2008 and numbered...

The primary objective of trademark law is to prevent consumers from being misled as to the commercial origin of goods and services while safeguarding the rights of trademark owners; at the core of this protection lies the concept of likelihood of confusion.

Law Numbered 805 on Mandatory Use of Turkish Language by Economic Enterprises ("Law No. 805") has been entered into force in 1926 and is one of the first legal regulations of the Republic of Turkey.

An eviction lawsuit based on need is regulated under Articles 350 and 351 of the Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098. Pursuant to Article 350 of the Turkish Code of Obligations, if the lessor is obliged to use the leased property as a residence or workplace for themselves, their spouse, descendants, ascendants, or other persons whom they are legally obliged to support, the lessor may terminate the lease agreement through a lawsuit.

The actual delivery of immovable properties sold through enforcement proceedings to the purchaser is of critical importance for the effectiveness of the compulsory execution system.

It is not possible to determine the contract price and other payment obligations arising from these agreements in foreign currency or indexed to foreign currency...

Pre-emptive rights are essentially a shareholder right that can be exercised within the scope of capital increases.

Negotiable instruments—comprising bills of exchange, promissory notes, and checks—are a type of valuable document that plays a significant role in commercial life. These instruments serve a major function in securing claims, expediting commercial transactions, and facilitating economic circulation. Under Turkish law, negotiable instruments are regulated under three separate headings—promissory notes, bills of exchange, and checks—in the Turkish Commercial Code No. 6102 (“TCC”).

This article analyses the pledge of commercial enterprises regulated under the Turkish Commercial Code ("TCC") pursuant to the Law on Movable Pledge in Commercial Transactions ("TITRK").

In joint stock companies, liquidation refers not to the direct termination of the company, but to the process leading to its termination.

The Law Numbered 7501 on Amendments to the Mining Law and Some Other Laws ("Law") was published in the Official Gazette Numbered 32543 on May 11, 2024.

The principle of freedom of contract in private law allows individuals to establish legal relationships according to their own will. However, this freedom is limited by the principle of good faith and mandatory legal provisions. When parties conceal their true intentions and create an apparent legal transaction with the purpose of deceiving third parties, this is referred to as collusion (simulation).

Joint-stock companies are among the preferred types of capital companies today. Their ability to facilitate large-scale investments, limit shareholders' liability to their committed capital, and create trust in the market through corporate governance are among the reasons for their popularity.