ArticleWho Is Liable When An AI Chatbot Tells A Customer To Phone A Scammer?Use of AI chatbots as an alternative to traditional customer support has dramatically increased over the last few years.CanadaTechnologyGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleEnforcement Under The Towing And Storage Safety And Enforcement Act Is Strict And UnforgivingThe new towing regime in Ontario is now in effect with the changes to the Towing and Storage Safety and Enforcement Act ("TSSEA") and its accompanying regulations in force since January of this year.CanadaTransportGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleDiscovery Of Water Damage Insufficient To Terminate Real Estate Purchase TransactionThe buyers entered into an Agreement of Purchase and Sale (APS) to purchase the property with a scheduled closing date of July 7, 2017.CanadaReal Estate and ConstructionGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleOECD's Global Tax Reform 2021In connection with the OECD's Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project, a group of 140 countries have made commitments to radically modify the international tax system.CanadaTaxGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleThe Trump Administration And FMSCA Increase Enforcement Of English Proficiency Requirements For Commercial Motor Vehicle DriversOn April 28, 2025, U.S. President Donald J. Trump issued an Executive Order entitled "Enforcing Commonsense Rules of the Road for America's Truck Drivers."United StatesTransportGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleA COVID-19 Lay Off May Not Be TerminationCanada lost a staggering million plus jobs in the month of March. CanadaCoronavirus (COVID-19)Gardiner Roberts LLP
ArticlePartial Shutdown Of Business Does Not Preclude Business Interruption ClaimAs we head into the seventh month of the artificial economic lockdown ordered by Canadian governments at all levels and brace ourselves for the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic...CanadaCoronavirus (COVID-19)Gardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleTo Conserve And Protect? Bill 229's Impact On Conservation AuthoritiesOntario has 36 conservation authorities that act as community-based management agencies who undertake watershed-based programs to protect the community from natural hazards including flooding. CanadaCoronavirus (COVID-19)Gardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleOntario Introduced Bill 88, Working For Workers Act, 2022 (Bill 88) On February 28, 2022 – Introducing Electronic Monitoring Legislation, A First Of Its KindOn February 28, the Ontario government tabled Bill 88, the Working for Workers Act, 2022, which, if passed, would enact the Digital Platform Workers' Rights Act, 2022 and...CanadaEmployment and HRGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleOwner's Risk Expanded By Supreme Court Of CanadaIn a decision that may impact all industries, the Supreme Court of Canada recently expanded a project owner's risk with respect to safety violations by its contractor's workers.CanadaEmployment and HRGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleSecond Mortgages Are Quietly Driving Enforcement RiskThe enforcement risk profile today is not limited to borrower default. It increasingly turns on lender‑versus‑lender dynamics, with second mortgagees moving from passive stakeholders to active actors seeking to take out firsts and step into their position.CanadaFinance and BankingGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleSteps In A Power Of SaleAs a commercial mortgage lender you generally prefer the avoidance of enforcement. However, one must hope for the best and plan for the worst.CanadaFinance and BankingGardiner Roberts LLP
PodcastAhluwalia And The New Tort Of Intimate Partner Violence (Podcast)Two experienced Canadian lawyers examine contentious legal cases and explore the intersection between law and politics, analyzing how courtrooms become political arenas. Each episode provides insight into current legal battles and their broader implications for society, revealing the fundamental framework that underpins democratic institutions.CanadaLitigation, Mediation & ArbitrationGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleDefamatory Statements Made In A Pleading Are Immune To AttackThe law of defamation permits a defendant to raise specialized defences to defeat a claim. The most common defences are justification/truth, qualified privilege and fair comment.CanadaLitigation, Mediation & ArbitrationGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleDisgorgement Of Profits Could Be A Potential Remedy In A Defamation ActionRemedies are an important aspect of any case. In the law of defamation, the usual remedy sought by most plaintiffs is general damages for reputational harm. CanadaLitigation, Mediation & ArbitrationGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleFence Dispute Leads To $70,000 Defamation JudgmentA dispute between two neighbours over a fence led to a $70,000 judgment against an online activist who posted defamatory comments about one of the neighbours: Duncan v. Buckles, 2020 ONSC 3219 (CanLII).CanadaLitigation, Mediation & ArbitrationGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleMotion To Enjoin Hotel Quarantine Law DeniedThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused our governments to implement laws aimed at stopping the spread of the virus. While many of those laws arguably have a minimal effect or none at all on mobility or...CanadaLitigation, Mediation & ArbitrationGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleRefreshing The Limitation Period Through Acknowledgement Of A Debt (Anderson Sheet Metal Ltd. v. Comtract Air Compressors Inc.)The limitation period is the time limit by which a party must commence their claim against another party. If they fail to commence the action within the applicable limitation period...CanadaLitigation, Mediation & ArbitrationGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleUpdate: New Reporting Requirements For TrustsThe legislation to support this proposed measure is pending.CanadaTaxGardiner Roberts LLP
ArticleFederal Court Of Appeal Upholds WestJet Employee Termination Over Vaccine PolicyA recent Federal Court of Appeal decision, Henrikson v. Westjet, 2026 FCA 39, has confirmed that WestJet acted lawfully in terminating an employee who refused to comply with its COVID-19 vaccination policy.CanadaTransportGardiner Roberts LLP