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On March 31, 2019, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo announced a proposed Framework for a Peaceful Democratic Transition in Venezuela (The Framework).

US-designated criminal organizations control Venezuela's mineral-rich Bolívar state, using illicit gold mining to evade sanctions and fund operations. Following Nicholas Maduro's capture, the US and new Venezuelan government are deploying military force and economic reforms to dismantle these networks, but success depends on breaking entrenched corruption while attracting legitimate foreign investment.