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In the short decision, the TCA stated that the individual exemption previously granted for the Industrial Customer Purchase Agreement is now withdrawn.

In Application No. 2024/187 before the Constitutional Court, provisions of the Consumer Protection Law No. 6502 and the E-Commerce Law No. 6563 were challenged as unconstitutional in a non-pecuniary damages case concerning a defective product purchased online.

Under Turkish laws, although force majeure is a valid reason for termination of an agreement, there is not any regulation which defines force majeure or states the objective criteria of the same.

Only real persons can commit crimes and receive criminal penalties in Turkey. Legal entities cannot be held criminally liable in Turkey.

There are no clear provisions or regulations under Labor Law and relevant legislation as to whether to pay a severance pay to the employee with the termination of the Fixed-Term Employment Agreement.

On March 16, 2023, upon an individual complaint of the Applicant Volkan Kahirli ("Applicant"), the Constitutional Court decided through its Decision ("Decision") numbered 2019/22730 that the delayed payment...

Under Turkish bankruptcy procedures, the creditor makes an application to the execution office and the execution office sends a payment order to the debtor.

Bölge Adliye Mahkemesi ("BAM") tarafından yakın zamanda birkaç yerel Mahkeme kararları hakkında usuli kaldırma kararları verilmiş olup, gerek kaldırma kararlarının gerekçesi, gerek kaldırma...

As of January 01, 2019, mediation is mandatory for monetary related commercial disputes in Turkey. In our 2019 thought leadership paper...

Anayasa Mahkemesi, vergi yargılamasında mevcut olan içtihat farklılıklarının makul süre içerisinde giderilememiş olması sebebiyle başvurucunun adil yargılanma hakkının ihlal edildiğine hükmetmiştir.

Prior to the new regulation, the defendant's consent was required in addition to the above conditions; however, this requirement will be abolished as of 1 June 2024.

The European Court of Justice ("ECJ") has examined the Italian balsamic vinegar manufacturer Consorzio Tutela Aceto Balsamico di Modena's ("Consorzio") request against German manufacturer Balema GmbH ("Balema").

This particular fee often causes confusion, especially for non-Turkish rights-holders.

The reconciliation procedure which is a new concept for Turkish Customs disputes is introduced by the Regulation on Customs Reconciliation ("Regulation") that came into force on August 31, 2011.

The Turkish Court of Appeals has ruled in various decisions that the above provision of the Turkish Code of Civil Procedure is mandatory and, thus, dispositive sections that are not stand-alone and giving rise to hesitation are in breach of the law.

Under the Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098 (“TCO”), residential and roofed workplace lease agreements are subject to a special termination regime. In principle, early (extraordinary) termination is permitted only under specific and limited statutory grounds. The High Court of Appeals, in its decision numbered 2025/3126 E., 2025/4810 K. that is published in the Official Gazette dated March 12, 2026 and numbered 33194 (“Decision”), addressed whether the extraordinary termination based on “important reasons”, as regulated under Article 331 of the TCO, can be applied to residential and roofed workplace leases.

Eighth Judicial Package, officially published in the Official Gazette on 12.03.2024 under the name of Law on Amendments to the Code of Criminal Procedure...

In this short guide, we would like to provide brief tips regarding the debt enforcement under Turkish laws. In this regard, our guide is separated in the following main sections: