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The Luxembourg Administrative Tribunal has ruled that repayments of share premium to shareholders, without a formal share capital reduction, do not qualify for tax exemption and may be subject to 15% dividend withholding tax. This decision challenges common corporate finance practices and raises important questions about the tax treatment of distributions from equity reserves in Luxembourg.

At its core, the case concerns a Luxembourg holding company (the “Company”) that had contractually agreed to bear the credit risk on loans managed by a related entity’s permanent establishment located in Luxembourg (the “Branch”), without disclosing this arrangement to the Luxembourg tax authorities (the “LTA”) and without receiving any compensation.