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India’s data protection regime has moved from legislation to implementation. The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (“DPDP Act”) was enacted on 11 August 2023. The Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 (“DPDP Rules”) were notified on 13 November 2025, together with a phased commencement framework. The result is a staggered implementation regime, with different provisions becoming operative on different dates.

The use of AI within enterprises for productivity-related functions, including legal drafting, automated negotiation processes, and large-scale data analysis, is presently regulated in India through existing statutory frameworks rather than through any AI-specific legislation.