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Saudi Arabia become one of the most attractive destinations for foreign investments not just in the Middle East but in the world, driven by the country's 2030 vision that supports the non-oil economic transition which made the country make tempting progressive policies and new legislation in favor of foreign investors.

In this increasingly interconnected world, companies require a legal advisor who is not only familiar with local laws but also aware of the complexities of international business deals, operations, and regulations.

The Saudi market has experienced rapid development, making mergers and acquisitions (M&A) transactions a key tool for achieving growth and strategic integration.

Egypt permits 100% foreign ownership in most sectors under Investment Law No. 72 of 2017 and companies law No.159 of the year 1981. Restrictions apply to a limited group of activities, including commercial agency work...

Can foreigners own property in Egypt? Yes, but subject to statutory limits and regulatory approval mechanisms.

Egypt's strategic location and evolving legislative framework present significant opportunities for investors seeking to establish a legal presence in the Egyptian market. Understanding the available legal entities, from partnerships to joint stock companies, and navigating the regulatory requirements under Laws 159/1981, 72/2017, and 4/2018 is essential for both foreign and domestic investors. The selection of the optimal legal structure depends on critical factors including capital requirements, business

Tax laws in Egypt rest mainly on Income Tax Law No. 91 of 2005, which governs corporate and personal income tax, alongside separate value-added tax, stamp duty, and social insurance regimes. Companies registered through GAFI must obtain a tax card, file annually for corporate tax and monthly for VAT and payroll, and apply withholding on cross-border payments.

The fall of the Ghaddafi Regime in August 2011 marks the end of an era and it is difficult to predict what direction Libya will take in the future.

A business for sale in Egypt can be acquired through either a share purchase or an asset purchase, and that choice determines your tax exposure, liability risk, and approval path. Companies Law No. 159 of 1981 governs the corporate mechanics for all buyers. Investment Law No. 72 of 2017 adds protections and equal treatment where foreign capital is involved.

Egypt's citizenship by investment program is a fast-track method for foreign nationals to acquire Egyptian nationality in return for a qualifying economic contribution.

Egypt's free zones offer investors a unique opportunity to establish businesses within a regulated legal framework that provides freedom of capital movement, ease of import and export, and extensive exemptions from taxes and fees. Understanding the requirements, procedures, and benefits of establishing operations in general versus private free zones is essential for anyone looking to expand their commercial or industrial operations in Egypt while maintaining global competitiveness.

Sadany & Partners Law Firm provides specialized legal representation and consulting services in Egypt's complex judicial system, offering strategic litigation support across civil, commercial, labor, and administrative courts. The firm also analyzes Egypt's industrial investment incentives under Resolution No. 77 of 2023, which provides cash incentives to qualifying industrial projects based on foreign currency financing ratios.

Company formation in Egypt for foreign investors involves considerably more than picking a name and signing a few incorporation papers. The legal structure a foreign investor chooses will shape how the business...

In the age of globalization, commercial dumping is no longer a one-way phenomenon flowing from foreign producers toward domestic markets.

Egypt's Golden License system offers a streamlined single-approval mechanism for strategic investment projects, consolidating all necessary permits into one comprehensive decision. This legal framework, established under Investment Law 72 of 2017, aims to accelerate project implementation while maintaining regulatory oversight. Additionally, trademark registration under Law 82 of 2002 provides businesses with essential legal protection and competitive advantages in the Egyptian market.

Egypt's strategic position as a gateway between Africa and the Middle East attracts foreign investors, yet payment defaults and contract breaches pose significant risks. How can international companies effectively safeguard their financial rights and recover debts from Egyptian counterparties through the country's legal framework?

Finally, after almost two years of delay since the EEDC that was held in Sharm El Sheikh on March 13, 2015, a new Investment Law was issued under No. 72 of 2017 as a part of the ongoing efforts aiming at bringing back more FDI to the country.